BM-25 – Marion Sanford (1846-c.1893)

BM-25 – Marion Sanford (1846-c.1893)

52 Ancestors – Week 92
My second great grandmother, Marion Sanford, was born between 02 Jun 1846 and 01 Apr 1847 in Michigan[i],[ii]. The 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880 and 1885 Dakota Territory census records are all consistent with those dates. She was the first child of William M Sanford and Mary E Parsons[iii]. She had six siblings: Elva P, Almon C, William A, George P, and two whose names are Unknown.

“Winter Scene on Saline Area Farm.”
“Winter Scene on Saline Area Farm.”Photo Courtesy:  University of
Michigan Library Digital Collections

In the 1850 Census she was living in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan with her parents and a one-month-old “infant” who is most likely a sibling whose name is unknown. Also living with them were J. W. Sanford, age 19, and Charlie Sanford, age 11[iv]. Their relationship is unknown but I suspect they were siblings of William.

It appears that the family moved to Indiana about 1857-58, because her siblings Elva and Elmon (Almon) were born in Michigan; but, her youngest sibling, Willie, whose age was one during the 1860 Census was born in Indiana. The infant from the 1850 census appears to be missing. Interestingly enough, the 1860 Census shows her name as Mary, living in Aurora, Dearborn County, Indiana and she was attending school. She was counted in the census on 01 Jun 1860 in Aurora, Dearborn, Indiana (Attending School)[v].
When she was 19, she married W Henry Brown, son of Benjamin Brown and Eliza Fowler, about 1866 in Michigan[vi].
1. Nettie May Brown was born about 1867 in Michigan[vii].
2. Arthur Durwood Brown was born on 05 Dec 1869 in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan[viii].
Saline RR Depot Opened c. 1870
Photo Courtesy: Saline Area Historical Society
She lived in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan, on 01 Jun 1870 (Keeping House)[ix].
3. Charles D Brown was born about 1871 in Michigan[x].
4. Mary Brown was born about 1872 in Michigan[xi].
5. Ahnond Brown was born on 01 Apr 1873 in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan[xii].
6. Clifford Gerome Brown was born in 25 Nov 1875 in Michigan[xiii].
7. William Henry Brown was born about 1876 in Michigan[xiv].
8. Clyde Hewett Brown was born in Apr 1877 in Michigan[xv].
9. Frederick Brown was born on 25 Jan 1878 in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan[xvi].
She lived in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan, on 01 Jun 1880 (Keeping House)[xvii].

10. Adia Brown was born on 01 May 1882 in Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan

[xviii].

Photo Courtesy Saline Area Historical Society
A large fire burned much of downtown Saline May 21st 1881. I wonder if the fire, and it causing the loss of business and customers in Saline contributed to the Browns leaving Saline and moving west, to Dakota Territory sometime between 1882 and 1883[xix].
11. Marion and Henry’s youngest child, Edward Warberton Brown, was born on 31 Jan 1884 in Robinson, Kidder County, North Dakota[xx].
The 1885 Dakota Territory Census indicated that the W. H. Brown family lived in Jamestown, Stutzman County, Dakota Territory[xxi]. Jamestown was founded in 1872 and was a river crossing for the Northern Pacific Railroad. In 1873, Stutzman County became the first county in Dakota Territory. In 1883, Jamestown incorporated as a city and in 1889, North Dakota became a state. So, the Brown family were settlers in the Dakota Territory and many of them were still in North Dakota when it became a state.
I have been unable to find either Marion or her husband W Henry Brown in any records after 1885, so I have no death or burial information regarding Marion. By 1900, the children of Henry and Marion appear to have disbursed. Their youngest, 16 year-old Ed, was staying with Charlotte Sanford, the widow of his first cousin, once removed, so I suspect that both Marion and Henry had died by then.

Endnotes:

[i] 1860 United States Federal Census (A), Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1860 – Indiana, Dearborn, Aurora, Page 420, Dwelling 220 – Wm Sanford.
[ii] 1885 Census – Dakota Territory, NDSU Archives, Page 44-018. https://library.ndsu.edu/db/census/family?ed=44-018-10.
[iii] History of Washtenaw County, Michigan:  Together with Sketches of Its Cities, Villages and Townships… (1881), Pg 1409. Imgage, Google Books (https://books.google.com/books?id=2z0XAQAAMAAJ).
[iv] 1850 United States Federal Census (A), Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1850; Michigan, Washtenaw, Michigan, Page 737 & 738, Dwelling 214 – Wm Sanford. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&dbid=8054&h=3267880.
[v] 1860 United States Federal Census (A), Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1860 – Indiana, Dearborn, Aurora, Page 420, Dwelling 220 – Wm Sanford.
[vi] Speculation. Marian’s first child was born in 1867 when she was 20. I guess-timate she and Henry were married about a year earlier when she was 19.
[vii] 1870 Census, Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1870; Census Place: Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan; Roll: M593_708; Page: 316A; Image: 86; Family History Library Film: 552207. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1870usfedcen&h=27532996&indiv=try.
[viii] Minnesota, Division of Vital Statistics, Certificate of Death, Arthur D Brown.; Minnesota Historical Society.
[ix] 1870 Census, Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1870; Census Place: Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan; Roll: M593_708; Page: 316A; Image: 86; Family History Library Film: 552207.
[x] 1880 Census, Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1880; Census Place: Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan; Roll: 609; Family History Film: 1254609; Page: 276B; Enumeration District: 237; Image: 0033 AND Image: 0034.
[xi] Ibid.
[xii] Department of Vital Records, Michigan, Births, 1867-1902 (Lansing, MI, ), Family Search, Almond Brown, 01 Apr 1873. https://familysearch.org/pal:/mm9.1.1/nqn7-56v.
[xiii] World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, Registration State: North Dakota; Registration County: Kidder; Roll: 1819445, Page 113 of 141.
[xiv] 1880 Census, Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, Year: 1880; Census Place: Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan; Roll: 609; Family History Film: 1254609; Page: 276B; Enumeration District: 237; Image: 0034.
[xv] 1900 Census (A) (National Archives and Records Administration), Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, Year: 1900; Census Place: Wells, Wells, North Dakota; Roll: T623_1234; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 214.
[xvi] Department of Vital Records, Michigan, Births, 1867-1902 (Lansing, MI, ), Family Search, Fred Brown, 25 Jan 1878.       .
[xvii] 1880 Census, Ancestry, https://www.Ancestry.com, 1880; Census Place: Saline, Washtenaw, Michigan; Roll: 609; Family History Film: 1254609; Page: 276B; Enumeration District: 237; Image: 0033 AND Image: 0034.
[xviii] Department of Vital Records, Michigan, Births, 1867-1902 (Lansing, MI, ), Family Search, Adia Brown, 01 May 1882.
[xix] Speculation: Adia was born in 1882 in Michigan and Edward was born in North Dakota in January 1884.
[xx] California, Death Index, 1940-1997 (Ancestry.com. California, Death Index, 1940-1997 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2000.), Date: 1964-03-31.
[xxi] 1885 Census – Dakota Territory, NDSU Archives, Page 44-018.
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W. Henry Brown (1843-c.1895)

BM-24 – W. Henry Brown (1843-c.1895)

Name and birthdate correction,

I don’t typically use other people trees for facts or relationships. Rather, I like to use other trees as a sort of reality check. If I see that other researchers have the same determination of facts that I have, I figure I’m on track. If I see other researchers have reached different conclusions, then I know that I need to review and double-check my facts and decisions regarding the individual. My second great grandfather Henry Brown required such a review and double-check. Pretty much everyone is in agreement regarding his wife, Marian Sanford. However, an Ancestry search for Arthur Durwood Brown (my great grandfather) brings up sixteen trees that include his parents. Ten of those Trees indicate Arthur’s father as Henry Mack Brown, one indicates William Henry Brown, one indicates Henry William Brown, and four indicate just Henry Brown.
All ten of the Henry Mack Brown selections indicate a birthdate in 1845 and all of the other Henry Browns indicate a birth year of 1842 or 1843. Learning of these differences cause me to reanalyze my finding and make sure I’m on the right path.
None of the other researchers appear to have a birth record for Henry Brown. The birth date and location appears to be deriving their birthdates from census records, a Michigan death record Index, and other family trees. I dismiss other family trees as fundamentally unreliable. It is too easy to accept other people work without taking time to consider the implications of that selection. Next are the census records. The closer the census record is to the original date, the better the answer typically is. I was able to find Henry in the 1850 census where he was seven[i] and in the 1860 census, where he was 17. In both cases he was living in Vernon, Shiawassee County, Michigan a 50 miles north of Washtenaw county where Marion Sanford grew up. In the 1850 Census, Henry Mack Brown appears to have been in Genesee County and appears to stayed in Genesee County and married Jane Gregory in 1886. Meanwhile, my Henry Brown married Marion Sanford about 1866 and lived in Saline, Washtenaw County. The key differentiator between my Henry Brown and others is about 1885 my Henry moved to North Dakota with the entire family. [ii] The North Dakota Census Index shows the entire family in North Dakota (See: https://library.ndsu.edu/db/census/family?ed=44-018-10) and shows Henry as W. H. Brown; but all the children are there at the right ages. I have been unable to find either a death record or a 1900 Census record for either Henry or his wife Marion. I suspect that both of them died between 1885 and 1900 (he would have been 58 in 1900). Therefore, I need to trace all of the children and see if they show up with either Henry or Marion with them in 1900.
I am certain that Arthur Durwood Brown’s father was not Henry Mack Brown. I am also certain that Henry William Brown is a different person for other reasons.
Two William H Browns Enlisted in Company E
William H. Born 30 Jul 1842-29 Jul 1843 is likely right.
William Henry born 20 Jul 1844-19 Jul 1845 not likely.
William Henry Brown is still a likely possibility for Henry Brown’s full name. I am sure that my Henry was enumerated as W. H. Brown in the 1885 Dakota Territory census. The one person that William Henry Brown appears to have based the name upon a William H Brown who enlisted in the Civil War, Company E, 4th Cavalry, Michigan Volunteers. I definitely need to research that name much more. As a Civil War Veteran, there may be much more information regarding his service.
So why the confusion? Certainly, Henry Brown is a common name. In addition, his age changes during the 1870 census.
Henry Brown’s age during various census records:
Census Year
Age
Suggested Birth
1850
7
2 Jun 1842 – 1 Jun 1843
1860
17
2 Jun 1842 – 1 Jun 1843
1870
25
2 Jun 1844 – 1 Jun 1845
1880
37
2 Jun 1842 – 1 Jun 1843
1885
41
2 Apr 1843 – 1 Apr 1844
Derived birthdate
2 Apr 1843 – 1 Jun 1843
Red=Outlayer – Green = Derived
So, what do I do with this information? I add a note in the individuals record to remind me of the things I’ve determined. In Henry’s case, I’ve added the following:
·      DO NOT CONFUSE with Henry T and Marion Brown of St. Clair Michigan.
·      DO NOT CONFUSE with Henry Mack Brown – 10/21/1845 – 03/09/1906
·      DO NOT CONFUSE with Henry W. Brown (b. 1843) of Saline, Washtenaw, whose father was Daney (born in NY) and mother was Mary E (born in New Jersey). Both of W. Henry Brown’s parents were born in New York.

Under my future tasks I added

·      Investigate William H Brown who enlisted in Company E, Michigan 4th Cavalry Regiment on 28 Aug 1862 and mustered out on 08 Jul 1865 at Detroit, MI.
·      Follow all of W Henry & Marion Brown’s children from 1885 to 1910 and see if Henry or Marion show up anywhere.

Endnotes:

 


 

[i] United States Census, 1850, Family Search, Benjamin Brown. https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/MF8G-92R.
[ii] 1885 Census – Dakota Territory, NDSU Archives, Page 44-018. Brown, W. H., et al. https://library.ndsu.edu/db/census/family?ed=44-018-10.
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Maine Genealogical Society 2015 Annual Conference

I attended the Maine Genealogical Society (MGS) Annual Conference on September 19th, 2015, in Brewer, Maine. I thoroughly enjoyed the conference. The keynote speaker, Michael L. Strauss, AG, did a great job of keeping to his topics and keeping the talk interesting. His keynote was “All in a Day’s Work: Occupational Genealogy Research.”

I have found that adding occupational details to an ancestor’s story makes the account much more interesting. During his keynote address, Mr. Strauss provided details about where to find information and how to incorporate it into your stories. He reminded us to use the non-population schedules that were done between 1820 and 1880. The Manufacture Schedules (1820 & 1850-1880), the Agriculture Schedules (1850-1880), or the Slave Schedules (1850-1860) may provide additional insight into your ancestor’s life, if you are able to find them in one of those schedules. He also mentioned military records, particularly WWI & WWII Draft Registrations, often include occupational details.

Another thing he mentioned that I found interesting were historical movies that showed historical events. For example, when he spoke about the Civil War and the 1863 Draft Riots portrayed in “Gangs of New York.” I had seen “Gangs…” before but didn’t connect it that closely to the 1863 Draft Riots. I need to watch it again….

Michael L. Strauss, AG
via Genealogy Research Network

I attended Mr. Strauss’s talks throughout the day. During “Genealogical Research in the Customs House Records,” Mr. Strauss spoke a lot about various record groups at the National Archives and Records Administration. I found he tossed the various numbers around as if we knew what the various record groups meant. A table of the key record groups would have helped keep me from getting lost. That said, overall, his presentation was interesting, engaging, and chock full of information.

After lunch and the MGS Annual Meeting, Mr. Strauss spoke about “Work Sills of Old: Justice of the Peace (JP) Records.” Through his use of examples, I became amazed at the kinds and types of information that can be gleaned from JP records. He said that many times JP records could be found at historical societies. I definitely need to see if the Scarborough Historical Society has any JP records and what their state is. Mr. Strauss indicated that much of what the JPs did relate to civil marriages; so using JP Records may provide a nugget of information regarding a here-to-for unknown marriage. Definitely, JP records are underutilized by many genealogies. I’m adding them to my list of potential sources.

Drawing of the Masonic Square and Compass.
Masonic Square & Compass
Via Wikimedia

I found his talk on “Secret Societies: Finding Your Ancestors in Fraternal Organizations” particularly interesting. I have a number of ancestors who were Masons and others who were members of other societies. He provided clear and concise suggestions about where to find records. He provided a link to “A Complete List of Fraternal Organizations”  (https://www.exonumia.com/art/society.htm) that provides the meanings of various acronyms. I’ve added the link to my bookmarks.

The conference had several other, potentially, really interesting talks on Town Records, DNA, and Maine Vital Records. I wish I could have attended them also. Missing some of the presentations is the cost of having multiple tracks at a conference. However, I don’t regret attending any of Mr. Strauss’ talks – He was excellent. The MGS Programs did an excellent job selecting Mr. Strauss; I look forward to hearing him speak again sometime in the future.

I am looking forward to attending again next year when the Legal Genealogist, Judy Russell, JD, CG, CGL, is the keynote speaker. I follow Judy’s blog now and look forward to seeing her in person.  I am sure she will have a lot to share.

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RH-06 – Clyde Raymond Hatfield (1894-1959)

52 Ancestors – Week 99
[I was asked to investigate Clyde Raymond Hatfield as part of a larger Rehfeld-Hatfield project I am working on. Family oral history says that Clyde was related to the infamous Hatfield family. The Hatfields and the McCoys are known for their 1863 to 1891 family feud in Kentucky and West Virginia. To prove or disprove the connection to the infamous Hatfields is highly desired. As a starting point, my client provided a copy of Clyde Raymond Hatfield’s marriage certificate, the birth records of his two children, and his obituary. I then looked more closely at Clyde using Family Search, Ancestry, and Find-a-Grave.]

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Life of Clyde Raymond Hatfield (1894-1959)

Clyde Raymond Hatfield was born on 04 Jan 1894 in Mound City, Holt County, Missouri[i] as the first child of Arthur R Hatfield and Rebecca Leona Crawford.

Clyde Hatfield was born in Missouri; however,
from age 6 on, he lived within a 50 mile circle
in northeastern Nebraska.

In August 1886, his brother Guy C. Hatfield was born in Missouri.[ii]

The family moved to Nebraska sometime after Guy’s birth and 1900 where the family was counted in the 1900 Census as living in Wakefield, Dixon County, Nebraska with his father, mother, and younger brother.[iii]

Before the 1910 census, the family moved up to Daily, Dixon County, Nebraska, where the 16-year-old was still living with his father, mother, and younger brother. Also, there was boarder, 12-year-old Lura Huntington, and a hired hand, Silas Foster, living with them. [iv]

Clyde’s Draft Registration Card
shows him married.
Image via Family Search

He married Ruth Barrett sometime between the 1910 Census and when he registered for the draft on 05 Jun 1917. When he registered, he was living in Hoskins, Wayne County, Nebraska, about 50 miles from Daily, and was farming. The 23-year-old was described as tall, medium build, light hair, and blue eyes.[v]

Within the next three years, he moved again, about 30 miles northwest to Plum Grove, Pierce County, Nebraska. The 1920 Census lists him as the head of the household.[vi]

Over the ensuing decade the family moved again, this time about 15 miles southwest, to South Dry Creek, Nebraska where he was enumerated in the 1930 Census.[vii]

His father, Arthur, died in 1931.

We know that Clyde and Ruth had a child, whose name we don’t know, sometime before 1934 that died. Because in 1934 they had a daughter, whose birth certificate indicates that she was the second child of Ruth and one previous child had died.[viii]

The 1940 Census indicates that in 1935 he lived in rural Pierce County and in 1940 he lived in North Dry Creek, Nebraska. [ix]

In 1953, Clyde & Ruth’s daughter married.

Pleasant View Cemetery
Photo by Jim W. via Find-a-Grave

Clyde R. Hatfield died on 06 Apr 1959 at age of 65 in the hospital in Plainview, Pierce County, Nebraska. His memorial service took place at the family home, west of Plainview, on 08 Apr 1959. Rev Francis St. Armant, a Methodist minister, officiated at his funeral). He is buried at the Pleasant View Cemetery in Plainview, Pierce, Nebraska (Pleasant View Cemetery).[x]

Future Action:

Investigate Arthur R Hatfield (Clyde’s father) and determine his vital information.

Endnotes

[i] United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, NARA, Clyde Raymond Hatfield. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:29J2-5Q1.
[ii] 1900 United States Census (FS), NARA, Nebraska, Dixon Co., Wakefield Township, ED 77, Sheet 12, Line 20. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M3YG-24G.
[iii] Ibid.
[iv] 1910 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, Year: 1910; Census Place: Daily, Dixon, Nebraska; Roll: T624_842; Page: 8B; Enumeration District: 0081; FHL microfilm: 1374855.
[v] United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, NARA, Clyde Raymond Hatfield. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:29J2-5Q1.
[vi] Ancestry.com, 1920 United States Federal Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010), Ancestry.com, Year: 1920; Census Place: Plum Grove, Pierce, Nebraska; Roll: T625_995; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 180; Image: 511.
[vii] Ancestry.com, 1930 United States Federal Census (Provo, UT, USA, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2002), Ancestry.com, Year: 1930; Census Place: South Dry Creek, Pierce, Nebraska; Roll: 1290; Page: 1B; Enumeration District: 0020; Image: 219.0; FHL microfilm: 2341025.
[viii] Nebraska, Bearue of Vital Statistics, Birth Certificate, Marilyn Margaret Hatfield.
[ix] 1940 United States Census (FS), Nebraska, Pierce Co., North Dry Creek, ED 70-11, Sheet 1A, Family 1. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K9MV-4HZ.
[x] Norfolk Daily News (Norfolk, Nebraska, ), Clyde Hatfield – Apr 13, 1959.
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SHADRICK: When the Moon Shadows Land – Part I

By Guest Blogger – Melody Pettus

Stories of the Ancestors

[Guest Blogger, Melody Pettus, shares a story about her 2nd great grandfather. This is part one of two parts. Photo selections by Don Taylor.]

Gathering around the fire
Photo © by Eva Blue via Flickr (CC BY 2.0)

We open the wine of our lives – sometimes we sip, sometimes we drink deeply…we laugh…we reflect…sometimes we cry. In the most basic way, we’ve returned to our tribal origins: gathering around the fire, sharing food, recounting the legends of our “tribe”. So it has been since the beginning of our species. So it will continue long after we return to dust. Here now is the story of our Mother’s Mother’s Mother’s Father and his journey from Home and back again….

Wheel turns ago – when spaces were broad and never ending and the world swam and ran and flew with animals and birds and fish in flashing rainbow patterns and in such abundance that no one ever felt hunger of the body or of the heart a boy was born during the early days of the Cold Time of the year.

The Moon Elder’s face should have been bright and round – smiling and blessing the young Mother as she struggled and breathed through the timeless and honored act of bringing new life into the Tribe. However – on this night – as the moon rose – a great star beast began to feed on her brilliance. Her face grew smaller and smaller with each passing hour. As the child made his noisy way into the world – the moon’s face was completely gone with only a glittering necklace like the ice frosting the tree limbs showing where her face should have been.

Lunar Eclipse
Photo by Tom Ruen [Public domain]
The boy’s Father – in keeping with the Tribe’s traditions – knew that every birth changed the world and so it was fitting that the first event witnessed at such an auspicious occasion be what the child would carry as a name cloak – marking and sharing the change that was shaped at their arrival. The Moon’s veiled face became his marker and the name “Moon-Shadows-Land” was gifted to him by his parents. This later became a more familiar and shorter “Dark Shade” among the Family and the close community.

“Dark Shade” knew he was born with the moon’s light inside him and he knew no fear of the night or of any dark places within the earth. He was the one who always volunteered to do any tasks needing to happen at night or to explore the many dark caves that the Tribe came across in their travels. His eyes glimmered like tiny pools of star mirrors and he was found to be sure footed in even the most light starved places.

He learned the rhythms of living in balance with his Tribe and the land they traveled and lived on. He respected the cycles, took only what was needed and strove to return back as much as he used to show honor for all. The Tribe traveled with the seasons – never staying in one place any longer than was needed to support their kindred and livestock. If the Land began to look as if it needed a rest – they willingly and reverently moved on.

The community was one large Family – peace at the Hearth and camaraderie among all of its members was as important as the Balance and Honor given to the body of the Mother that fed and sustained them cycle after cycle. This belief was the core of their being and was held in the highest esteem and rigorously kept by everyone from the smallest toddler to the most venerable elder.

As Dark Shade grew, he knew deep contentment and a sense of Being and Connectedness that was his Heart Compass. As he began to feel his body stretch and fill out and the branches of trees seemed to shift lower and lower in his field of vision – his Heart Compass started to feel something new. The Land spoke to him of a different Pattern beginning to form. The leaves in the trees whispered as a Wind with new and odd smells danced through them.

Dark Shade listened with great interest. He loved his life, his home and his sense of Being but he was curious about the new stirrings in his World. The Tribe began to find tall hedges with steely thorns and thick wooden arms forcing them to abandon the natural directions that Sky and Land had always directed them in. They felt their world beginning to push together and their movements became less and less far reaching. The Elders were called together to try to bring meaning to this. Twigs and Bones were tossed and studied, stars were watched and their journey’s marked, fires burned continuously as sweating Seer’s squatted in the shimmering heat and sang the songs the coals sputtered and hissed at them.

“Discovery of the Mississippi” by William Henry Powell
[Public Domain] via Wikimedia Commons
Strangers began to be seen…first at a great distance at the tree lines – but then as time passed they came closer and closer. They were wrapped in clothing that seemed far too binding and heavy for the Family. Their skin looked as though Father Sun had not touched it and the Family wondered if these new people came from the Dark Mouths of the caves they sometimes came across in their travels.

Their voices were harsh and each group found that using their hands and drawing pictures was the main way to share understanding with each other. They brought unusual items and the two groups began Guest-Gifting between themselves for items each were interested in. The Strangers wanted meat and weapons and the beautiful purple and blue dyes that the Family made from certain land snails they gathered from the Land. The Family was captivated by the utensils, metal tools and amazingly cloud soft cloth the Strangers brought.

The Guest –Gifting continued for quite some time and new groups of Strangers came and went bringing more exotic and interesting items. Dark Shade’s curiosity grew with each visit and he made an effort to always be present and to listen with careful ears to all that was said. One of his Birth Gifts had been the ability to untangle the sounds of others – man, animal, fish or bird. He listened – he mimicked – he practiced their movements and facial expressions and mannerisms. Eventually – he untangled their words and began to speak to them more directly in their own tongue. He slapped parts of his body and asked what they were, he made gestures with objects and had them guess what he was doing so he could capture their sentences and ways.

As Dark Shade became more fluid and easy with the Stranger-Speak, his curiosity grew stronger. He asked if he could travel with the Strangers when they next returned to their Hearth Home. There was discussion among the Strangers and a young man with flame red colored hair offered to be his companion. Flame-Head was called “Bart” in the Stranger-Speak and he and Dark Shade made plans for his departure when they next came for trade.

Dark Shade went to his Family – who had never known someone to leave the community before and tried to explain his wishes to them. They were saddened by his pull to leave them but the Elder’s said that his journey had been foretold and the Tribe could learn much from what he would return with. The Family wisdom was whispered and sung and danced to him. He was marked with feather stroke and Dwaleberry smoke – “Shift with the wind, shape like water in a cup as you live and learn in this new place but keep your Heart Compass on Family. Keep your home warm and welcoming and you will always know a true Family home.”

With song and scent and memory Dark Shade traveled with the Strangers for many moon cycles. He draped himself in their clothing – learning to move in the binding wraps and patterns they wore. He put shoes on his feet when he was with others but took them off at every opportunity to touch the Mother’s Body with his bare feet. He found the Stranger’s homes cramped and foul smelling and would usually find a way to slip outside and sleep next to the fragrant roots of a nearby Tree. He kept chanting to himself “I shift like Wind, I shape like Water” to keep the confusion and loneliness pushed back. He had to find his Pattern here or he knew he would lose the Moon Elder’s Light inside that had sustained him since his birth….

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